A heat pump is a system that moves heat instead of generating it. It uses a refrigeration cycle to transfer heat from one place to another. In heating mode, it extracts heat from the outside air (even in cold weather) and moves it indoors. In cooling mode, it reverses the process, removing heat from inside and releasing it outside. This allows it to efficiently heat or cool a space using minimal energy.
In heating mode, the heat pump extracts low-temperature heat from the outside air, even in cold weather, and transfers it indoors. This is done by absorbing the heat through the evaporator, compressing it to increase its temperature, and then releasing the higher-temperature heat into your home through the condenser.
In cooling mode, the process is reversed. The heat pump pulls warm air from inside your home, absorbs the heat through the evaporator, and releases it outdoors. This efficiently cools your living space by dissipating the heat outside and circulating cooler air indoors.
Heat Pump
Furnace
Air Conditioner
Baseboard Heater
Heating
(Transfer of heat)
(Generation of heat)
Yes (Generation of heat)
Cooling
(Reverse cycle)
Efficiency
High
Variable
Moderate
Low
Fuel Source
Electricity
Gas, oil, or electricity
Electricity
Electricity
Year-round Use
(Both heating and cooling)
Operating Cost
Low
Variable
Moderate
Variable
Installation Cost
Moderate to High
Moderate to High
Moderate
Low
System Complexity
Advanced
Moderate
Moderate
Simple
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